Thinking Activity-Indian poetics

 Hello friends..

I am student of English department, MKBU. It is my classroom activity given by our prof Dilip Barad sir. The topic is Indian poetics. It is a very interesting and very difficult to understand all those concept of the Indian Poetics. Not only study in master but ugc semester I studied. But now the discussed about the same topic and good for the study on expert on this field, it better understand those things. Here I am talking about the famous gujrati poet,critic Dr. Vinod Joshi sir. Yes it is a golden opportunity to meet a famous poet and also good teacher. He deliver the lecture on Indian poetics. He not take one or two lecture but he take the nine lecture on Indian poetics. The learning time start from 10 Feb to 18 Feb as a long session.

All those day he discussed about the six major school of the Indian Poetics like:

-School Of Rasa 

School of Dhvani 

-School of Vakrokti 

-School of Alamkara 

-School of Riti 

-School of Auchitya.

Let's discuss about the whole information which u learn on expert lecture.

10 Feb first day of journey to learn Indian Poetics the hand of vinod sir. Started with welcome speech. After sir given some basic information on Indian Poetics and try to compare the Indian and western criticism based on topic. He talk about the Indian Poetics it is a based on process and western poetics based on reason. After he introduced the Indian critics like: Bharata, Panini, Kuntaka, Rajshekhar, Jagannatha, and wester critic like : Plato, Aristotle, T.S Eliot, Wordsworth,ect..

And after the brief introduction of the sic school and their founders. Very interesting discussion about the language. Some say the voice is important and some say the meaning is important to understand of language. It is a very interesting argument. And student became a very curious to learn what is the important? Voice, meaning or rasa. 

Let's discuss about the one by one school in detail..

1) Rasa Theory:-

The Rase theory originates by Bharata Muni in Natyasastra. He talked about the Rase is a major theory of the Indian Poetics. First important of rase in literature. It is a first the Indian Poetics. 

Sir used the word is Bhava, means the feeling. Feeling is a very important to understand any emotion. Bharata support on Han emotion because we know the human are think, spech, watch and all born of  his experience on mind and heart. The theory of literary experience which is strongly rooted in the empirical haman reality.

Bharata Muni given the defination of Poetry:

"विभावानुभावव्याभिचारी संयोगात रसनिष्पत्ति: ।"

We find the co relative words like:

-Vibhav:- as it is 

-Anubhav:- present of feeling (પ્રતિક્રિયા)

-vyabhichar:- there are connected to each other and increase the emotion.

Bharat Muni enunciated the eight Rasa in the Natyasastra and after one added and became nine rasa like: srngarm, Hasyam, Raidram, Karu yam, Bibhatsam, Bhayamakam, Vira, Abdhutam.

Next discuss four critic like:

Bhatta Lollata:-

Bhatta Lollata give the Creationism concept. Rase is presented by actor.

Shree Shankuka:-

Shankuha given the Permissive concept. Here the rase are not present but think in a different way. 

Bhatta Nayaka:-

He given to Nepotism. We feel the Rasa in work.

Abhinav Gupta:-

He given to Abhinavbharti work and he connect to all concept in his one work. 

It is the information of the rase school and next we find the Dhvani school:-

2) Dhvani School:-

Rasa Theory we know that and here we disc about the Dhvani School. This theory given by Anand ardhan. He presented in his work Dhavnyaloka.

Dhvani means:-

"The Suggestive quality of poetic language"

Anandvardhana established element Dhvani as the soul of poetry. Dhvani it is very necessary that we have language and language plays with us through words.

Bhavas are more important to feel poetry, enjoy poetry than any other things. In Dhvnayaloka Anandvardhan has presented a structur analysis of indirect literary meaning.

Three type of language we find the language:-

1 Abhidha:-

Direct meaning. Example, 

અંધારું થયું અને અજવાળું ગયું-અભિધા

Lakshana:-

We have direct mening but we have to take another one.

◾️મારું ઘર હાઈ કોર્ટ રોડ પર છે.-લક્ષણા

Vganjana:- 

There is the existence of direct meaning yet we have to use another meaning of word.

◾️સૂર્યાસ્ત થયો તેને જીવનમાં દુઃખ આવી ગયું અથવા મૃત્યુ થયું તેમ જોઈ શકાય-વ્યંજના

Vinod sir explained with verses example. Acharya Kuntaka describes Dhvani as the major element of literature. He described different types of Dhvani and he also belives that Dhvani is the soul of literature. 

When he say..

ध्वनि: काव्यस्य आत्मा:।

3) School of Vakrokti:-

Vinod sir discussed the theory of Vakrokti and given so many example. Vakrokti theory given by Kuntaka in his work Vakroktijivita. Vakrokti is the theory of language and the formation of word. It is the formation of two words:

Vakra+Ukti - Vakroti.

"वेदग्ध्यभंगीभणिती इति वक्रोक्ती।"

Example:- 

આ સાંજને કેવી માયા છે, મારી ઉદાસી સાથે!

We can't  find any connection of sanj and udashi but indirectly used the words. Means we find the Vakrokti in sentence.

School of Alamkara:-

Bhamaha is considered as a founder of the school. This school belives that there is rasa and riti in kavya but the Alamkara is dominating. Alamkara also help to word and meaning and also became attractive. Two types of Alamkara: 

Shubd Alamkara:-

When the Alamkara is depends on the word. 

Arth Alamkara:-

When the Alamkara depends on the meaning of the arth.

5) School of Riti:-

Acharya Vana had given importance to riti in his work Ritivichar.

''रीतिरात्मा काव्यस्य ; विशिष्टापदरचना रीति: |''

Sir also discussed in detail on four major styles of writing.

-vaidarbhi 

- pancali 

-Gaudiya 

-lati 

6) School of Auchitya:-

Kshemendra discussed of the principle of Aucityavis form the point of view of writer and reader. It is  articulated in its given cultural and philosophical contect. Sir also discussed that we can see this aucitya with the connection of the the old man in the sea.