Hello Friends;
I am Hinaba Sarvaiya, a student of the department of English, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University. This blog is the part of my Classroom activity that is given by our prof. Vaidehi Hariyani ma'am.
Difference between the Elizabethan Age and Neoclassical Age :-
Elizabethan Age (1550-1620)
Introduction :-
The Elizabethan era was a time of peace and prosperity, it was a time of progress, which is a central reason why the era is called the Golden Age of England... Since, during this time period, England become such a wealthy nation, more money could be invested in the arts and exploxtion.
Neo Classical Age (1700-1800) :-
Introduction:-
Neoclassical Literature was written between 1660 and 1798. This time period is broken down into three parts:
1. The Restoration period
2.The Augustan period
3. The Age of Johnson.
The combination of the terms 'neo' which means 'new' and 'classic', as in the day of Roman and Greek classics. This was also the era of the Enlightenment, which emphasized Logic and Reason. it was preceded by the Renaissance and followed by the romantic era.
POLITICAL SUMMARY OF THE PERIOD:-
Political Summary of the Elizabethan Age :-
In the age of Elizabeth all doubt seems to vanish from English history. After the reigns of Edward and Mary, the accession of a popular sovereign was like the sunrise after a long night, in Milton's words, we suddenly see England,
" A noble and puissant nation, rousing herself, like a strong man after sleep, and shaking her invincible locks."
Elizabeth, with all her vanity and inconsistency, steadily loved England and England's greatness and that she inspired all her people with the unbounded patriotism which exults in Shakespeare, and with the personal devotion which finds a voice in the Faery Queen. Under her administration the English National life progressed by gigantic leaps rather than by slow historical process and english literature reached the very highest point of its development.
Political Summary of the Neoclassical Age:-
We can divided this particular age into two groups:
1. Augustan age (1700-1750)
2. The age of sensibility (1750-1798)
So many authors believe that 18th century consist the fundament of romantic age in the year 1685 king Charles II was banished and his own daughter and sun-in-low Marry and William of Orange to be throne, marks the end of the long struggle for political freedom in England in the year 1694 Marry was died and William of Orange also died in 1702 and the second daughter of James II, Anne become the queen. In the reign of Charles II the two great political parties came out and will become well-known among the whole England is that 'whig' and 'Tory' by the year 1700 they were in everybody's mouth.
Religious Situation in both Ages:-
Elizabetha age of Religion Toleration:-
The most characteristic feature of the age was the comparative religious tolerance. The frightful excesses of religious war known as the 'Thirty Years' war on the Continent found no parallel in England.
Upon her accession Elizabeth found the whole kingdom divided against itself; the north was largely Catholic, while the southern counties were as strongly protestant. Scotland had followed the reformation while Ireland remained true to its old religious traditions, both countries were openly rebellious.
Elizabeth favoured both religious parties, and Catholic and Protestant acted together as trust counselors of a great sovereign. The defeat of the Spanish Armada established the reformation as a fact in England, reformation begun, to settled the mind of man, freed from religious fears.
The new morality in Neo classical Age:-
The Neoclassical age was fall of morality. The Neoclassical age was the reaction again extreme puritanism. The tone of the writing was like satire or freely describing the situation as it as. This describes the most important characteristic of the age.
Literary development of the age:-
Literary development of Elizabethan age:-
Elizabethan age is the re-awakning age of dark age and development of so many fields. In this same way there are three from of literature become popular among the people and it is as under.
1) Poetry:-
During this age the form of poetry devloped by Edmund Spencer, especially his work 'Faery Queen'. The Faery Queen is the great work upon which the poet's fame chiefly rests. In this period there were other poets who contributed in the poetry and is that Thomas Sackville, Sir Philip Sidney, George Chapman and Michael Drayton.
2). Drama:-
The Elizabeth era saw a great flourishing of literature, especially in the field of drama. Gradually drama was developed and we can distinguished it into three groups:
- The Religious Period
- The Moral Period
- The Artistic Period
The Italian Renaissance had rediscovered the ancient Greek and Roman theatre, and the New drama was begin to evolve apart from the old mystery and miracle play of the Middle Ages.
3). Prose:-
Francis Bacon is one of the remarkable figure in that era and his contribution for essay was great. Beside the Bacon there was another writers, historians, editors who were contributed in the development, and is that Sidney, and Raleigh, John Foxe, Camden and Knox, Hakluyt and Purchase.
1). The Clubs and Coffee Houses:-
Politicians were necessarily gregarious and increased activity in politics led to a great addition to the number of political clubs and coffee houses. It become the fashion of the public. At the first steele announced as a matter of the activities of his new journal will be based upon the club's entertainment was in the article of Whites Chocolate house poetry under that of wills of the coffee house. Many clubs are the famous like that;
• Kit kate club :- which ia a very important club of the Whig politicians. Members like, Horace Walpoe, William Congreve, Addisonand steele ect.
• Scribblers club:- That was a literary club, want to do attack modern learning. Members like; Jonathan Swift, Alexander pope, John Gry, Dr. Arbuthnot.
2). Prose:-
In the age, prose occupies the front position. It was the age of social, political, religious, literary controversies. So the writer found their place in writing pamphlets, Journals and magazines so the readers become more aware of literature.
• Satire:- The Whigs and the Tories were constantly focused to control the government of the country and how the satire developed in the age.
• Novel:- The novel itself means the new literary form got succeeded in time and in the present time also. The master of novels were Richardson, Fielding, Smollett, Defoe, and others.
Conclusion:-
To sum up the question we can say that both age has rapid change in so many forms. Elizabethan age is the beginning of the Renaissance in the English literature while Neo classical Age of reason. In fact, the Neo classical period ended in 1798 when Wordsworth published the Romantic 'Lyrical Ballads'.
# Comparison between The Poetry of the Alexander pope and William Wordsworth.
Second question in blog I am compered two big figure in the English literature. First pope and second Wordsworth. Let's started..
Introduction:-
The genre of poetry known as 'Pastoral' is an ancient from that has undergone many permutation and revitalization. Two writer of pastoral are the English Poets Alexander Pope and William Wordsworth.
Alexander Pope:-
(21 May 1688- 30 May 1744). Pope was a poet and satirist of the Augustan period and one of its greatest artistic exponents. Considered the foremost English poet of the early 18th century and a master of the Heroic Couple, he is best known for satirical and discursive poetry, including the 'The Rape of the Lock' 'The Dunciad' and 'An Essay on Criticism' and for his translation of Homer.
William Wordsworth:-
(7 April 1770- 23April 1850). He was an English Romantic poet who, with Samuel Taylor Coleridge, helped to launch the romantic age in english literature with their joint publication 'Lyrical Ballads' (1798).
Style of writing:-
The pastoral of pope are Neo classical poem in which pope attempts to emulate the great Greek and Roman poets like Homer and Virgil by mentioning Greek figures, writing in heroic Couplets and in included in abstraction. Wordsworth, on the other hand, creates more modern way of writing poetry by focusing not on the classical masters, but on emotion, reality, and discerning the fundamental truth of human nature.
The poem of Wordsworth's belong to the period of romentic ism. While pope was inspired by the idea of Neoclassicism.
Wordsworth poems are brief and dramatic; some are dedicated to his beloved sister Dorothy. In some works, he glorifies plants, birds and other elements of nature's divine design, other poems describe the lives of fellow countryside folks showing the simple truths of human character. Other side pope works provide the insight into social and political relationships. He influenced political oppression and created such an individual self illustration on which even the modern audience can relate. His poem dedicated to nature were influenced by his good friend and mentor Jonathan Swift.
Comparison between Wordsworth and Pope's poetics:-
POETRY DEFINITION:
W- Overflow of powerful feelings.
P- Lacked lyric gift skill in versification in Heroic couplet.
FUNCTION OF POETRY:-
W- Unexpected splendor to familiar things.
P- Didactic, Satiric.
SUBJECT MATTER:-
W-Nature and humble people.
P- Upper-class of city life.
LANGUAGE:-
W-Simple words in daily language.
P-Smooth, balanced and concise in elegant diction.
CONCLUSION:-
Thus, both poets Wordsworth and Pope was great figure on English literature. Voltaire given the judgment by pope " the best poet of England and, at present, of all the World." And in Tennyson's words by Wordsworth, " uttered nothing base,".
Thank you!!
Reference:-
Long, William J. English Literature. Delhi AITBS publishers, India, 2019.
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