Assignment Dessertation Conclusion

Name:- Hinaba D.Sarvaiya.

 M.A. sem 4

Paper no:- Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing 

Roll no:- 09

Enrollment no:- 4069206420210032

Email ID:- hinabasarvaiya1711@gmail.com

Submitted by:- S.B.Gardi Department of English MKBU.

Batch:- 2021 to 2023

Conclusion:-

Eco-criticism is a relatively new field of literary and social research that emerged as a response to the human-centric attitude of dominating nature. It is a tool for interpreting literature to raise environmental awareness among readers. The modern world is facing ecological disasters, and eco-criticism seeks to investigate the global environmental crisis through the intersection of literature, culture, and the physical environment. Literature has a mission to fulfil, and ecocriticism argues for a better understanding of nature. This field has grown into a global movement in recent decades, emphasising the need for a better attitude towards nature.

Ecocriticism is a relatively new field of literary criticism that examines the relationship between literature and the natural environment. This approach is particularly relevant in today's world, where environmental issues have become increasingly urgent. 

Literature can reflect and influence our attitudes towards the environment, and ecocriticism examines how authors have represented the natural world in their works. In this Dissertation will discuss the key concepts of ecocriticism and explore its various approaches. Then apply ecocritical theory to a comparative study of two novels by the Indian author Dhruv Bhatt: Akoopar and Samundrantike.

Ecocriticism can be defined as the study of literature and the environment. It examines how literature represents the natural world and how humans interact with nature. Ecocritical theory emerged in the 1970s and 1980s as part of the environmental movement. It is a multidisciplinary field that draws on literature, ecology, philosophy, and other disciplines. Ecocritics seek to understand the relationship between humans and the environment, and how this relationship is represented in literature.

There are several approaches to ecocriticism discussed in this dissertation thesis like, Ecofeminism, Deep Ecology, Ecological Marxism, and Ecopsychology, each of which emphasises different aspects of the relationship between literature and the environment. One approach is the nature-focused approach, which examines how literature represents the natural world. 

This approach is concerned with the aesthetics of nature and how writers have represented the beauty and power of the natural world.There are several approaches to ecocriticism, each of which emphasises different aspects of the relationship between literature and the environment

In this Dissertation thesis deals with the Comparative Study of Dhruv Bhatt's Novels Akoopar and Samundrantike.Dhruv Bhatt is an Indian author who has written several novels that address environmental themes. In this comparative study, I will examine two of his novels: Akoopar and Samundrantike.Both novels address environmental themes and can be interpreted through an ecocritical lens.

In this dissertation compared to both novel characters who are very conscious about nature and how nature connected with humans. Both novels described nature as part of life. Both the novel protagonists learnt the lesson of nature like Akoopar novel unknown narrator who does not know about the relationship with the human and wild animal.how possible to human leave with nature as a member of the family. In the Akoopar novel many characters are given the name of the animal as the name of the human. Like the Ramjana and Saryu this the name of the lioness and another name is Girvan this the name of the Lakshmi’s cow names. 

The novel's title suggested the human connection with nature. In Akoopar novel there are many characters like Aaima, Sansai, Lakshmi, Dhanu, Rava Aata those character are very conscious about the nature.another novel Samundratike are many character presented the conscious about the nature like the Noorbhai, Haada Bhatt, Saboor and His Wife, Bangali baba, and Krishna Tindal ect.both novels use characters to emphasise the importance of the human-nature relationship and the need for humans to live in harmony with nature.

Akoopar is an exemplary work of ecocritical literature that explores the complex relationship between humans and nature. Through its portrayal of the Gir forest and its inhabitants, the novel highlights the importance of recognizing the intrinsic value of nature and the need for conservation. 

The title Akoopar, meaning "infinite" or "unfathomable," reminds us of the timeless nature of the forest and its ability to regenerate despite past destruction. The analogy between the turtle and the forest suggests a deeper connection between humans and nature, emphasising the need to shift our attitudes towards the environment. 

By using ecocritical approaches such as deep ecology, Akoopar advocates for a radical shift in human behaviours and attitudes towards the environment. It serves as a poignant reminder of the urgent need to prioritise environmental protection and take action to preserve the natural world for future generations. Overall, Akoopar stands as a testament to the power of literature in promoting ecological awareness and inspiring action towards a more sustainable future.

Samundrantike is another compelling work of ecocritical literature by Dhruv Bhatt that explores the intricate relationship between humans and nature. The novel portrays the sea as a living, breathing entity that interacts with and shapes the lives of the characters. The sea is not just a backdrop, but a dynamic force that influences the characters' thoughts, emotions, and actions. The novel also highlights the impact of human activities on the environment, particularly on marine life, through the characters' actions and choices. 

When you see the comparative study of characters in both the novels at that time Akoopar and Samundrantike both are novels presented in different ways of using characters which are very conscious about nature. . Both novels are presented in different places but nature is central in both the novels. Akoopar tells the story of Gir and Gir people who are kindly connected with each other. And another novel Samudrantike is tells the story of Savrastra place and here is central object of ocean and living in oceanside people who is connected with the ocean.  

Akoopar highlights the importance of nature 's connection with humans. In novel's characters are more connected with nature. Ecocriticism means to study how humans are connected with nature. Here all characters are not only connected to nature but nature became a part of their life. Nature gives life as they are living in Gir. Gir is not only forest but Gir is Life of all Maldharis those who are living in Gir. Gir became a character which gives life to all peoples who live here. 

The Akoopar highlights the importance of recognizing the significance and value of nature, not just as a resource for humans but as a living, breathing entity that deserves respect and protection. The novel Samudrantike depicts the lives of coastal communities and how they thrive in the harsh coastal environment. The novel highlights the significance of nature as a source of strength and joy, and how it can enrich human lives even in the most challenging circumstances. 

Noorbhai who is the character of the Samundrantike and another character is Dhanu who is the Akoopar character. In both the novels Bhatt's is presented through the characters which are very conscious about nature. Noorbhai is an uneducated man and he worked as a forest guard. He tells many situations which change nature. He is an eyewitness to see how the forests are cut down and land becomes infertile. That is a very serious issue Presented through this character. He has witnessed the degradation of the area, and the lush jungle has been replaced by dry, sand terrain with only a few babul trees that he has planted himself. Noorbhai's memoirs and observations serve as a poignant reminder of the environmental damage caused by Human activity. 

Aval is also one character who is very conscious about the natural elements. When natural disasters like floods happened at times she served many people in haveli. At times in the Floor scorpion at times she sympathises towards the scorpion. This indicates that they understand the importance of all living beings in the ecosystem and value their role in maintaining a balance in nature.

Bangali Baba who has a deep understanding of changing environmental conditions. He represents the relationship between humans and nature. Bangali Baba explores the tension between nature and culture, suggesting that humans need to find a way to balance their needs and desires with the preservation of the environment. 

Saboor is one who is very conscious about the land. He gives the metaphor of land as like a mother. Without land like a child of an orphan. He and his wife were able to transform the barren landscape into a fertile and productive one. 

Akoopar's character is Dhanu, who is also a forest guard but here is very different from Noorbhai's character. Dhanu's duties to those foreigners or researchers who went to Gir and knew about Gir at the time he guided them. Dhanu is known as the entire Gir in every corner. He is very conscious about the Gir and also their Animals. When lions attacked him at that time he retained a positive attitude towards the Lion. They not only respect the animals but also have a deep understanding of their behaviour and motives. 

Character of Sansai is also known as an entire Gir. She entire life around the Gir. We do not talk about Gir without Sansai. She is not only conscious about the Gir but also conscious about their animals. In Akoopar, Sansai is a female character who is portrayed as taking care of the entire Gir. When the narrator and Sansai organise the meeting to campaign against lion hunters. At that time she says that the Gir is a lion walk and that the map of the forest for tourists should not decide where the lion can go. It shows that she is very conscious about Gir and Lions. 

Aaima is the main character who is connected with nature. She sees everything in Gayr as alive, even inanimate objects, and personifies them with a sense of life. She is a true caretaker and lover of Gayr and its nature. Aaima was discussing the life of the wild animal and the Gir which like as she is talking about her family members. Aiama has deep connection with nature and sees everything around her as alive and interconnected. She does not separate animals from nature or see nature as separate from herself. Instead, she recognises that all the living things in the forests of Gir are part of a larger, interconnected ecosystem.

Most important character of Rava Aata who is also connected with nature. He is living in Gir and Gir gives life to them. Lions are also a part of them. When humans are hunting a lion at times they are hunting as Gir and Also the Life of Gir People. Because the Lion is the life of Gir. He saved the lion hunting from the Lat Saheb. This is show that how Rava Aata very conscious about the life of animal and Gir which is the part of the life of entire Maldharies people who live in Gir. 

Through the lens of ecocriticism, the novel emphasises the importance of recognizing the interconnectedness of all living beings and the need for conservation. Dhruv Bhatt's deep ecological approach reminds readers of the urgent need to shift our attitudes towards the environment and promote sustainable practices. Samundrantike serves as a powerful reminder of the vital role that nature plays in our lives and the importance of preserving it for future generations. Overall, the novel stands as an excellent example of the ability of literature to promote ecological awareness and inspire action towards a more sustainable future.

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